Bulgaria - a country rich in sights

Contents:

• Saeva hole Pirin National Park
• Rock church near the village of Ivanovo and Razboshky Monastery
• Aladzha monastery and Rozhen Monastery
• Madara Horseman
• Plakovsky Monastery, Thracian tomb near the village of Sveshtari

The European country of Bulgaria is famous for its Black Sea resorts, picturesque landscapes, colorful folk traditions and an abundance of historical sites.

Attractions Bulgaria - a city-museum of world significance: Koprivshtitsa, Tryavna, Zheravna, widely Luka, Melnik et al., As well as caves, rock monasteries, parks and so on. Bulgaria is famous for its wineries which produce excellent products as well as regular exhibitions Wines, famed for her as one of the centers of "wine" tourism. Over 2,000 mineral springs make Bulgaria a health resort of world importance.

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Saeva hole Pirin National Park

Cave Saeva hole is one of the 9-appointed caves Bulgaria. He named it after one of the two twin brothers Shoyu and Siyou, during the reign of the Ottoman Empire, and accidentally discovered hiding in it. The cave is located near the village of Brestnitsa, in 90 km from the Bulgarian capital Sofia. It has a length of 205 m. The thickness of the ceiling vault - 12 m. The largest stalactite cave has a circumference of 60 meters. Beneath the cave at a depth of 70 meters of the river. Constant temperature in the cave - 7-11 degrees Celsius, humidity - 90-98%.

The air in the cave is favorable for the prevention of diseases of the respiratory system. In her shoot films and played the wedding. The cave consists of 5 rooms:

1. Solomon's seal - the first room from the entrance.
2. Srutishte (landslide) - the largest room in the cave, formed after the quake.
3. Harman - in this room unsurpassed acoustics, concerts are held here.
4. White Castle - so named because of the presence stalacton reminiscent of a fairy-tale palace.
5. Space - the hall is so named because of the karst formations that resemble the rocket takes off.

Pirin National Park. It was established in 1962 and was named National Park Vihren. In 1974, after enlargement it was renamed the Pirin National Park. Pirin Mountain - the largest national park in Bulgaria. Is Biosphere Reserve. The area - 26480 hectares. Over 60% of the area is covered by forests. The park is growing Baykusheva Moore (murabalkanskaya pine) - the oldest tree in Bulgaria. Its age is more than 1200 years. In the reserve there are more than 50 peaks with a height of more than 2600 meters, many magnificent precipices, beautiful waterfalls and caves, 70 glacial lakes. All this gives the unique charm of the mountain. From the Pirin Mountains 100 km from Sofia. Pirin National Park is a natural monument under the protection of UNESCO.

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Rock church near the village of Ivanovo and Razboshky Monastery

The complex of rock-hewn churches include churches, chapels and cells carved into the rock at a height of 6-10 meters on both sides of the river Rusenski Lom in north-eastern Bulgaria. The complex was founded in the XIII century, the monks lived in it until the XVII century. Preserved wall paintings (painting Turnovo) and inscriptions of the time. The complex is located in the village of Ivanovo 4 km away from Sofia 460 km. These rock churches - places of interest in Bulgaria, declared a monument in 1983 under the auspices of UNESCO.

Bulgaria adopted Orthodox Christianity during the reign of Tsar Ivan II, but in Bulgaria had a patriarch, not subordinate to Constantinople. The monk Gioacchino became the first patriarch. He lived as a hermit in a cave near the river Rusenski Lom. Ivan II honored Gioacchino and entrusted him with the construction of the rock monastery. The construction period - 1218-1235 gg. During the Second Bulgarian Empire, the monastery was the center of spiritual life in the area, get rich and royal knights gifts. During the conquest of the country by the Ottomans (Turks) in 1396, the monastery was abandoned.

Razboshky Monastery (Vvedenie Bogorodichno) - Bulgarian female acting monastery. Today, he is subject to the Bulgarian Orthodox Church Diocese of Sofia. Temple holiday - November 2nd. Accurate information on the basis of not survived, but it is known that the hermit nun living in mountain caves in the Middle Ages, and the monastery church was built in the 14th century. Initially, the church served as a cave in which hermit prayed to God in solitude. Then, at a height of 50 m at the site of the cave church was built, shaped like a ship.

In the 18-19 centuries. based rock monastery. There is documentary evidence that the monastery in 1841, was completely renovated: residential buildings built on the plain of the right bank of the River quadrangle, and the church Vvedenie Bogorodchino remained outside the monastery, but it continues to be the monastery church today. The monastery is the village of Razboische at a distance of a little more than 1 km away from Sofia, 79 km to the northwest, near the river Nisava in the rocks. This monastery is declared a cultural monument.

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Aladzha monastery and Rozhen Monastery

Aladzha Monastery - a medieval monastic complex of rock. Located in the woods Khanchuk, 14 km north-east from the city of Varna. It is assumed that the Christian hermits lived here in IV century in a specially carved caves. The monastery was founded around the XIII century. It located in two tiers: the monks' cells, rooms and small church - on the lower tier; chapel - on the top. The name of the monastery was due to the frescoes, its name means in Turkish "colorful". The walls of churches and chapels in the XIV century were decorated with paintings, up to now only preserved painting in the chapel. The monastery houses a museum, it gathers found near Varna ancient artifacts.

6 km south of the town of Melnik, surrounded by bizarre sandstone boulders on the hill is the Rozhen Monastery. It was built in the XII century ruler of Melnik glory and is the only monastery restored at the beginning of Ottoman rule and preserved to this day. Wooden gallery of his little dark outside, but inside radiate warmth and tranquility. Vineyards occupy part of the cloister. Interesting frescoes of 17-18 centuries. preserved in the abbey church of the Holy Virgin XII-XIII centuries. Also preserved iconostasis, created by unknown masters.

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Madara Horseman

Madara Horseman is the only one in Europe, the monumental stone relief of the beginning of VIII century. His carved on a cliff Madara plateau at an altitude of 23 meters from the north-western slope. On the relief a horseman speared a lion and a dog running behind the horse. This triumphal scene symbolizes the power of the Bulgarian state and the greatness of the Bulgarian ruler. Around relief in Greek inscriptions carved 3. In these inscriptions for the first time mentioned the word "Bulgaria".

The area was a religious center Madara different times (ancient and medieval). It was focused and spiritual life of the Thracians and Bulgarians. Dazu Rock "Madara Horseman" is 1, 5 km from the village of Madara, about 380 km east of Sofia. State Madara declared a national historical and archaeological reserve. In 1979, a monument of global importance under UNESCO protection.

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Plakovsky Monastery, Thracian tomb near the village of Sveshtari

Plakovsky monastery is located in the central Stara Planina. It was built during the reign of Tsar Ivan Asen II (XIII c.) And was destroyed when you hit Bulgaria in the Ottoman slavery. In 1450 and in 1845. This was reduced, at the same time and was built monastery church. During the Renaissance, the monastery was an important literary and spiritual center, it keeps a lot of old books and ancient manuscripts. Plakovsky Monastery is a cultural monument, is located 18 km from the town of Veliko Tarnovo in a southerly direction.

The Thracian tomb near the village of Sveshtari. This is a unique monument of the Thracian Hellenistic art of III century BC (first half). It is the most important evidence for the Thracian civilization. It was found in 1982 during archaeological excavations of a Thracian mound. In the tomb of three almost square chamber and a corridor. It is located 470 km from Sofia. In 1986 it declared a cultural monument under the protection of UNESCO.

Attractions Bulgaria, of course, not limited to this list. This is an interesting country with a rich history and unique landscape. The famous landmark of Bulgaria are as follows: Reserve Sreberna museum Varna, Kazanlak Thracian tomb, Boyana Church, Gabrovo (Sakolsky) Monastery, Bachkovo Monastery, Kilifarevo Monastery, the cape, to hammer stones (Stone Forest), and many others.